If you’ve ever considered planning for your future or helped someone plan for theirs, you’ve probably heard the term “power of attorney.” But do you know what it is? The terms “power” and “attorney” carry weight but may not mean what you think. There are many misconceptions about what a power of attorney is and what authority it gives someone. And no, it doesn’t grant someone a temporary law degree.
I’ll address the misconceptions about powers of attorney so you know what to do if someone appoints you as their power of attorney. Then, armed with this knowledge, you’ll understand your legal responsibilities so you don’t inadvertently make any mistakes or run afoul of the law.
What is a Power of Attorney?
Let’s start with some background info. If a power of attorney doesn’t confer attorney status, then why is it called that?
Generally speaking, a power of attorney is a legal document granting someone else the authority to act on your behalf regarding your financial life. The term “power of attorney” is a bit of a historical holdover. Originally, powers of attorney were primarily used to appoint lawyers to represent individuals in legal matters. However, the concept has expanded over time to include appointing someone to act on your behalf for various purposes.
So, while you don’t need to be an attorney to hold a power of attorney, the term has continued due to its historical origins. Granting power of attorney is a way to indicate that an appointed person has the authority to act as your agent or representative, similar to the way an attorney would act on your behalf.
There are times when it’s necessary to preserve your assets, especially if you reach a point in life when you are unable to manage your own financial, legal, or healthcare matters, whether from old age, a terrible accident, or simply being out of the country for an extended period. In each of these cases, it’s possible that if you don’t have someone acting on your behalf, problems could occur. Your financial institutions could charge extra fees on your accounts, a fraudster could drain them, and you wouldn’t know it happened; taxes could go unpaid, your property could go into foreclosure, or your credit could be ruined. So, to prevent these horrific outcomes, you want someone else to be able to maintain your financial life on your behalf.
Types of Powers of Attorney
We don’t need to get too much in the weeds here (if you want to get in the weeds, though, read to the end, and I’ll show you how to book a call with me); know that there are different types of powers of attorney, each with its specific purpose. Here are some examples:
General Power of Attorney: This grants the agent broad authority to act on your behalf, including managing your finances and signing legal documents, even if you can handle your affairs. It becomes effective as soon as you execute the document. When might you want this? Say you travel for work, and you and your spouse have decided to refinance your mortgage. You may want your spouse to sign the paperwork on your behalf rather than wait until you’re back in town.
Springing Power of Attorney: This also grants authority to someone to manage your financial and legal affairs. You can execute the document whenever you want, but it doesn’t kick in until you can no longer make your own decisions.
Durable Power of Attorney: This type of general power of attorney remains in effect even if you become incapacitated. Think of it as the General and Springing Powers of Attorney combined.
Limited Power of Attorney: This grants the agent authority to handle specific tasks only, such as managing your property or making healthcare decisions.
Healthcare Power of Attorney: This grants your named agent authority to make medical decisions on your behalf.
Even though each of these documents operates differently, they all have one crucial thing in common: the agent’s power ends as soon as you die.
What No One Told You About a Power of Attorney: It Ends With Death
You may mistakenly believe that a power of attorney gives someone the right to access your financial accounts indefinitely. However, a power of attorney is a temporary arrangement that ends when the person who granted the power dies. What does this mean, exactly?
Let’s say your aging mother can no longer manage her affairs, and she executed a Power of Attorney to give you the authority. While she’s living, you can access her bank accounts to ensure all her bills are paid and paid on time. But as soon as she dies, you no longer have the legal authority to access her accounts. If she had a Will or no estate plan, you would have to file paperwork with the probate court and wait for the case to make it through the court system until the judge grants you authority again. In the meantime, if you can’t afford to cover her bills along with your own, you may have to decide to let her bills go unpaid. If she still has a mortgage on her house, for instance, and you can’t pay her mortgage and yours, the bank could begin to foreclose, and you could lose any equity she had. This equity could have been a significant part of your inheritance.
Going to court can be frustrating and time-consuming, and negative consequences can result if you haven’t planned appropriately.
The Good News
With some careful planning ahead of time, you can ensure all your bills get paid, and your assets are preserved for your loved ones. The way to do that is by creating a Life & Legacy Plan with a living trust. A trust is a legal arrangement that allows you to transfer your assets to a trustee, who manages them to benefit your beneficiaries. Notably, a trust survives your death, so there’s no disruption in the ability of someone to manage your finances after you die.
You owe it to yourself and your loved ones to ensure your power of attorney, trust, and related estate planning tools are created correctly and updated over time and that you understand the benefits and consequences of your plan.
How We Help You Preserve What Matters
Understanding the limitations of a power of attorney and the benefits of a trust is crucial for protecting your hard-earned assets. When you work with me to create a Life & Legacy Plan, I’ll empower you with the education you need so you can make the right choices for yourself and your family, that you fully understand how your plan works, and that your family has my support after you’re gone. Once your plan is in place, you can rest easy knowing that your wishes will be honored, your loved ones cared for, and your property protected.
Schedule a complimentary 15-minute consultation to learn more and start your journey toward a secure financial future.
Contact us today to get started.
This article is a service of August Law, a Personal Family Lawyer® Firm. We don’t just draft documents; we ensure you make informed and empowered decisions about life and death, for yourself and the people you love. That’s why we offer a Life & Legacy Planning™ Session, during which you will get more financially organized than you’ve ever been before and make all the best choices for the people you love.
The content is sourced from Personal Family Lawyer® for use by Personal Family Lawyer® firms, a source believed to be providing accurate information. This material was created for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as ERISA, tax, legal, or investment advice. If you are seeking legal advice specific to your needs, such advice services must be obtained on your own separate from this educational material.
